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Armoured flight deck
An armoured flight deck is an aircraft carrier flight deck that incorporates substantial armour in its design.
Comparison is often made between the carrier designs of the Royal Navy (RN) and the United States Navy (USN). The two navies followed differing philosophies in the use of armour on carrier flight decks, starting with the design of the RN's ''Illustrious'' class and ending with the design of the ''Midway'' class, when the USN also adopted armoured flight decks. The two classes most easily compared are the RN's ''Illustrious'' class and ''Implacable'' class and their nearest USN contemporaries, the ''Yorktown'' and ''Essex'' classes. The ''Illustrious'' class followed the ''Yorktown'' but preceded the ''Essex'', while the ''Implacable'' class design predated the ''Essex'' but these ships were completed after the lead ships of the ''Essex'' class. The development of armoured flight deck carriers proceeded during World War Two and before the end of World War Two, both the USN, with USS ''Midway'', and the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), with ''Taiho'' and ''Shinano'', would also commission armoured flight deck carriers, while all USN fleet aircraft carriers built since 1945 feature armoured flight decks. The remainder of the IJN carrier force during World War II had unarmoured flight decks just like the Yorktown and Essex classes of the USN.
==Design==
In choosing the best design for their carriers, the British had to consider the advantages and disadvantages of hangar design. There was a choice between open or closed hangar and the position of the armour. The placing of the strongest deck affected the strength of the hull. The further apart the deck and the keel, the stronger the design. If the flight deck was placed above the main deck then it had to be built to allow for movement with expansion sections.〔Brown, DK ''Nelson to Vanguard'' 2006〕 A closed hangar design was the strongest structurally and made for a lighter hull and the RN carried this concept one step further and designed the armoured flight deck to also act as the strength deck without any underlying plating, thus achieving an armoured flight deck on the lowest possible displacement.〔Friedman, ''British Carrier Aviation'', p134.〕
The carriers that were built with armoured decks fall into two distinct types – those with armour at the flight deck level protecting the hangar and those that only had armour for the lower levels of the ship, typically the hangar deck. The different thickness of armour, and how they were distributed, are described in the table below.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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